Material Preparation: Select an appropriate three - dimensional vegetation net.
Its specifications should be determined according to the project requirements and the slope conditions.
Generally, the net pad is required to be loose, flexible, with a certain degree of elasticity and strength, and resistant to corrosion and aging.
Meanwhile, prepare materials such as grass seeds suitable for local growth, fertilizers, and
water - retaining agents.
The grass seeds should be selected according to different regions and the uses of the slope,
such as Bermuda grass, ryegrass, tall fescue, etc.
It is advisable to select a mixture of multiple grass seeds to improve the adaptability and stability
of the vegetation.
Construction Equipment: Prepare mechanical equipment for leveling the slope, such as
bulldozers and excavators; equipment for seeding, such as hydro - seeders; as well as
watering equipment and compaction equipment.
Site Cleaning: Before construction, clean the slope by removing loose rocks, loose soil layers,
weeds, debris, etc. to keep the slope flat and stable.
For unstable slopes, reinforcement measures should be taken, such as using anchors and wire meshes.
Slope Trimming: Trim the slope according to the design requirements to make the slope gradient meet the regulations. Generally, it should not exceed 1:1.5, and the slope should be flat and
smooth, without obvious bumps and pits.
Laying Direction: Determine the laying direction of the three - dimensional vegetation net according to the slope direction and topographic features.
Generally, it is laid from top to bottom along the slope to facilitate drainage and prevent
the vegetation net from sliding.
Unfolding and Laying: Fix the three - dimensional vegetation net at the top of the slope and
then slowly unfold it along the slope.
During the laying process, pay attention to making the vegetation net closely adhere to the
slope to avoid wrinkles and suspension.
It can be laid manually or with the assistance of machinery. Fix the vegetation net on the slope
with U - shaped nails or wooden stakes at certain intervals.
The fixed spacing is generally 30 - 50 cm.
Lap Treatment: Adjacent three - dimensional vegetation nets need to be lapped.
The lap width is generally not less than 10 cm.
At the lap joint, connect and fix it with U - shaped nails or wire ropes to ensure a
firm connection and form an integral protective structure.
Seeding Method: The grass seeds can be sown by hydro - seeding or manual broadcasting.
For hydro - seeding, mix the grass seeds, fertilizers, water - retaining agents, water, etc.
in a certain proportion and then evenly spray them on the three - dimensional vegetation net
through a hydro - seeder.
For manual broadcasting, mix the grass seeds evenly with an appropriate amount of fine soil, fertilizers, etc. and then scatter them by hand on the vegetation net.
The seeding should be even to avoid missing seeding or local over - density.
Covering with Thin Soil: After seeding, cover the three - dimensional vegetation net with a layer
of thin soil. The thickness is generally 0.5 - 1 cm, which is suitable to cover the grass seeds.
The thin soil should be loose, fertile, and free of impurities. After covering, gently compact it to make the soil closely combine with the vegetation net and grass seeds.
Watering and Maintenance: Water in a timely manner after seeding to keep the slope moist,
which is beneficial to the germination and growth of grass seeds.
In the initial stage of grass seed germination, the number of watering times should be
appropriately increased.
As the grass seedlings grow, gradually reduce the number of watering times, but ensure that the
soil always maintains a certain degree of humidity.
When watering, avoid large - water scouring and adopt the methods of sprinkler irrigation or
mist irrigation.
Fertilization Management: Apply fertilizers in a timely manner according to the growth situation
of grass seeds and the soil fertility.
In the initial stage after grass seeds germinate, some nitrogen fertilizers can be applied to
promote the growth of grass seedlings.
After the grass seedlings grow to a certain stage, increase the application of phosphorus and
potassium fertilizers to improve the stress resistance and root development of grass seedlings.
The amount of fertilizer should be determined according to the soil fertility and the needs of grass seeds to avoid over - fertilization or under - fertilization.
Appearance Inspection: After the completion of construction, conduct an appearance inspection
on the laying of the three - dimensional vegetation net and the growth of vegetation.
Check whether the vegetation net is laid flat and firmly, and whether there are any phenomena
such as damage and displacement; whether the germination rate of grass seeds meets the requirements, whether the vegetation grows evenly and densely, and whether there are any
obvious bald patches or problems such as pests and diseases.
Vegetation Coverage Detection: Use the method of sample survey to select several sample plots
on the slope, measure the coverage area of vegetation in the sample plots,
and calculate the vegetation coverage rate.
Generally, it is required that the vegetation coverage rate reaches the design requirements within
a certain period of time. For example, within 3 - 6 months, the vegetation coverage rate should
not be less than 80% - 90%.
Slope Stability Assessment: Evaluate the impact of three - dimensional vegetation net greening
on slope stability through observation and some simple detection methods. For example,
check whether there are signs of soil erosion, landslides, and collapses on the slope,
and observe the reinforcement effect of vegetation roots on the soil.
Prevention of Human Damage: Set up warning signs to prohibit unauthorized personnel from entering the construction area to avoid human trampling, picking, or damaging the vegetation. Educate the construction personnel to improve their awareness of protecting vegetation.
Avoidance of Mechanical Damage: In the subsequent construction or daily maintenance, avoid
the damage of construction machinery, vehicles, etc. to the three - dimensional vegetation net
and vegetation, such as running over and colliding.
If other operations need to be carried out near the greening area, necessary protective measures should be taken.
Prevention and Control of Pests and Diseases: Regularly inspect the vegetation to timely
detect and prevent pests and diseases.
Adopt a combination of biological control, physical control, and chemical control methods
to minimize environmental pollution and protect the healthy growth of vegetation.
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